The traditional spiritual, mental and physical disciplines which originated in ancient India continue to be practiced around the world today. Throughout history, various traditions can be found in the philosophical doctrines of Hindus, Sikhs, Buddhists and Jainas. Archaeologists believe these traditions were developed as early as 500 B. C.
During the late 19th century, Hindu monks introduced these practices to the Western world. The most notable introduction was made by Swami Vivekananda, during his tour of Europe and the United States in the 1890s. By the 1980s, these rituals had been widely adopted as physical systems of health by many individuals in the United States, Canada, Britain, Australia and New Zealand.
Some healthcare professionals believe these routines serve as effective interventions against a variety of ailments, including schizophrenia, asthma, cancer and cardiovascular disease. In surveys, a majority of respondents reported they have experienced improved mental and musculoskeletal health as a result of their dedication to this series of mental and physical exercise regimens. The physical postures help keep the spine supple, reduce stress and alleviate a variety of health problems.
This practice involves a series of positions, called asanas, which are performed in a specific sequence. Literally, asana means sitting down. It refers to the location where a practitioner sits and the manner in which he or she sits. A male practitioner is known as a yogi; a female practitioner is a yogini. Asana involves sitting in a firm, relaxed position for extended periods of time.
Through the centuries, a repertoire of positions has been developed to exercise the mind and body. Modern forms often incorporate other positions, such as lying down, standing on the head or balancing on one foot. Asana has evolved into a term meaning postures. They are designed to maintain and restore the well-being of the practitioner, as well as improving the vitality and flexibility of the body.
Many in the healthcare field have recognized that the practice of yoga yields many benefits. Among them are reductions in sleep disturbances, lower back pain, hypertension, and anxiety and stress levels. Additionally, this practice can facilitate shorter periods of labor and improved birth conditions. It increases energy levels and decreases fatigue, and improves balance, flexibility and strength. An elderly practitioner may expect to experience an enhanced quality of life as well as improved overall physical health. Also, COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) and asthma symptoms may be alleviated through this practice. Improvements in the management of diabetes have also been linked to the practice of this ancient ritual.
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