The body is equipped with a great many automatic checks and
balances for preserving healthy conditions in its internal environment
and for safeguarding its vital processes. Is there any safe regulating
machinery for stopping the storage of fat when the depots are
comfortably full? It would seem that regulation of the deposition of fat
would be an important task, since both the reduction of fat reserves
below the danger mark and the accumulation of fat to the extent of
making the body ''a bloated bondholder'' are detrimental to health.
The regulation of body weight by automatic control over the amount of fat deposited in the fat depots would mean the application of a simple mathematical formula. Food intake (in terms of calories) must exactly equal energy output (in terms of calories) to maintain body weight at a constant level. To gain weight, food intake must exceed energy output. To loss weight, food intake must be less than energy output so that the body will use, or burn, its excess fat to make up the difference between food and energy expenditure.
The assumption that the body does have an automatic weight-regulating mechanism is based on the fact that a great many people, especially those of slender and medium build, maintain practically the same weight throughout adult life. Although medico-actuarial tables show that the average man or woman has a tendency to gain weight year after year, it has been pointed out that these average increase were arrived at by measurements obtained from a mixed population including some individuals who do not change their weight at all and others who gain in weight at a faster rate than the average. Another bit of evidence is the fact that the frankly obese, who seem to put on weight at every turn and twist of life's journey, do reach a limit, that is, a point at which their weight remains static.
The nature of this weight-regulating machine is obscure. Both heredity and the nervous and endocrine systems undoubtedly influence its operation. It is a well-established fact that stoutness and leanness are hereditary variations of body build.
And endocrine or nervous-system disturbances, or both, whether inherited or acquired during life, have been found in many cases of generalized obesity and of grotesque distribution of body fat. In as much as the body tries to do the balancing, we humans should also try to strike a control of our intake.
The regulation of body weight by automatic control over the amount of fat deposited in the fat depots would mean the application of a simple mathematical formula. Food intake (in terms of calories) must exactly equal energy output (in terms of calories) to maintain body weight at a constant level. To gain weight, food intake must exceed energy output. To loss weight, food intake must be less than energy output so that the body will use, or burn, its excess fat to make up the difference between food and energy expenditure.
The assumption that the body does have an automatic weight-regulating mechanism is based on the fact that a great many people, especially those of slender and medium build, maintain practically the same weight throughout adult life. Although medico-actuarial tables show that the average man or woman has a tendency to gain weight year after year, it has been pointed out that these average increase were arrived at by measurements obtained from a mixed population including some individuals who do not change their weight at all and others who gain in weight at a faster rate than the average. Another bit of evidence is the fact that the frankly obese, who seem to put on weight at every turn and twist of life's journey, do reach a limit, that is, a point at which their weight remains static.
The nature of this weight-regulating machine is obscure. Both heredity and the nervous and endocrine systems undoubtedly influence its operation. It is a well-established fact that stoutness and leanness are hereditary variations of body build.
And endocrine or nervous-system disturbances, or both, whether inherited or acquired during life, have been found in many cases of generalized obesity and of grotesque distribution of body fat. In as much as the body tries to do the balancing, we humans should also try to strike a control of our intake.
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